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The region consists of 13 island nations, from the Bahamas in the north to Trinidad and Tobago in the south; Belize, which is geographically situated in Central America; and the 2 countries of Guyana and Suriname, located on the north main coast of South America. Many countries in the region share a common African ethnic and British colonial heritage, while Cuba and the Dominican Republic were Spanish nests, Haiti was French, and Suriname was Dutch. The dates of independence of these nations vary from Haiti in 1804 to St. Kitts and Nevis in 1983. The biggest countries in regards to land area are Guyana and Suriname, while those with the largest populations are Cuba, the Dominican Republic, and Haiti.

Politically, all Caribbean countries, with the exception of communist Cuba, have actually chosen democratic governments. The majority of the former British nests have parliamentary types of federal government, with the exception of Guyana, the Dominican Republic, Haiti, and Suriname, which are republics headed by presidents. In regards to local combination, 14 of the area's independent countries come from the Caribbean Community (CARICOM), with the exception of the Dominican Republic (which has observer status) and Cuba. CARICOM was formed in 1973 to stimulate local financial combination. Some critics argue that it has actually been slow to promote combination, compared to other regional financial groupings, but development has actually been made in moving toward a single financial market and in developing a Caribbean Court of Justice.

The 6 OECS countries likewise share a common currency, the Eastern Caribbean dollar, with monetary policy handled by the Eastern Caribbean Central Bank. The Caribbean Advancement Bank (CDB), headquartered in Barbados, promotes economic advancement and local integration. With the exception of Cuba and Haiti, regular elections have been the standard, and for the a lot of part have actually been totally free and reasonable. In 2005, Dominica and Suriname held elections in May, and https://www.inhersight.com/companies/best/reviews/salary?_n=112289587 St. Vincent and the Grenadines held elections in December. Haiti was anticipated to hold elections in 2005, but substantial problems and political instability led to those elections being postponed several times, up until they were ultimately hung on February 7, 2006.

Successful elections ultimately were hung on August 28, 2006, without the political violence that some observers had anticipated. Looking ahead, parliamentary elections are due in St. Lucia by December 2006, while elections in the Bahamas, Jamaica, and Trinidad and Tobago are due in 2007. (See for a listing of leaders and can you make money renting your timeshare elections for head of government.) Although numerous Caribbean countries have kept long democratic traditions, they are not immune from terrorist and other threats to their political stability. In 1993, stability on St. Kitts was threatened following violent protests after challenged elections; order was restored with the assistance of security forces from neighboring states.

Earlier in the 1980s, the federal government of Eugenia Charles in Dominica was threatened by an unusual coup plot involving foreign mercenaries. And naturally, Grenada, under the socialist-oriented government of Maurice Bishop, experienced a break from the democratic standard after it assumed power in a nearly bloodless coup in 1979 and set up a people's revolutionary federal government. After the violent topple and murder of Bishop in 1983, the United States stepped in to restore order and end the Cuban existence on the island. Numerous Caribbean countries experienced a financial slump in 2001-2002 due to downturns in the tourist and agriculture sectors, although most Caribbean economies have rebounded since 2003.

financial recession and sluggish healing. The banana and sugar sectors in the Eastern Caribbean were harmed by a tropical storm in 2002 and a dry spell in 2003. Both sectors face unsure futures due to the European Union's plan to phase out favored market gain access to from previous Caribbean colonies for bananas by 2006 and for sugar by 2009. The Haitian economy experienced decrease beginning in 2001, with political instability exacerbating already challenging economic conditions in the hemisphere's poorest nation. The greatest performing economies recently have been those of the Dominican Republic, fueled by the apparel sector, and Trinidad and Tobago, with substantial energy resources.

In 2004 and 2005, the region's greatest financial performers averaging development rates over 5% for those 2 years, were Antigua and Barbuda, Cuba, the Dominican Republic, St. Kitts, St. Lucia, Suriname, and Trinidad and Tobago. Those countries not prospering in 2004 because of ravaging typhoons and hurricanes consisted of Haiti, with a 3. 5%% decrease in gdp (GDP), and Grenada, with a GDP decrease of 3%. For 2005, nevertheless, Grenada's economy rebounded with growth over 5%, while Haiti's growth was 1. 8%. In Guyana, financial growth has actually been stagnant or minimal over the previous several years. In 2005, the economy declined 3% because of high oil costs and floods, which early in the year significantly affected agriculture and mining activities.

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Nonetheless, some observers have actually also been concerned about the area's high level of public financial obligation, with numerous Caribbean nations having financial obligation levels that go beyond 100% of their GDP. U.S. interests in the Caribbean vary, and consist of economic, political, and security issues. Throughout the Cold War, security issues tended to eclipse other policy interests. In the after-effects of the Cold War, other U.S. policy interests emerged from the shadow of the East-West conflict in the Caribbean that focused on concerns about the Soviet and Cuban threat. U.S. policy priorities moved from one stressing security concerns to a new focus on strengthened financial relations through trade and investment.

interest in the Caribbean. The Administration explains the Caribbean as America's "third border," with occasions in the region having a direct effect on the homeland security of the United States. It explains Caribbean countries as "essential partners on security, trade, health, the environment, education, regional democracy, and other hemispheric problems." The United States has close relations with most Caribbean countries, with the exception of Cuba under Fidel Castro. The U.S.-Caribbean relationship is identified by extensive financial linkages, cooperation on counter-narcotics efforts and security, and a significant U.S. foreign support program supporting a variety of tasks to reinforce democracy, promote financial growth and advancement, minimize poverty, and fight the AIDS epidemic in the region. Customs and Border Security of the Department of Homeland Security. The CSI program assists guarantee that high-risk containers are determined and checked at foreign ports before they are put on vessels for shipment to the United States. In September 2006, 3 Caribbean ports ended up being operational CSI ports: Caucedo, Dominican Republic; Kingston, Jamaica; and Freeport, Bahamas. Other Latin American ports in the CSI program are the Main American port of Puerto Cortes, Honduras, and the South American ports of Buenos Aires, Argentina, and Santos, Brazil. In the 108th Congress, a legislative effort required extra foreign assistance in order to improve foreign port security worldwide, however no last action was finished prior to the end of the session.

2279 (Hollings), in September 2004, which would have supplied for the Administrator of the Maritime Administration, in coordination with the Secretary of State, to identify foreign assistance programs that could assist in application of port security antiterrorism steps in foreign countries. The act likewise would have called for a report on the security of ports in the Caribbean Basin, consisting of an evaluation of the efficiency of the measures utilized to better security at such ports and an assessment of the resources and program modifications required to make the most of security at Caribbean Basin ports. In the 109th Congress, 2 bills would offer foreign help programs for Caribbean Basin ports.

744 (Nelson, Expense), presented April 11, 2005, would develop a Caribbean Basin Port Help Program. Under the legislative initiative, the Administrator of MARAD in the Department of Transport, in coordination with the Secretary of State, would identify foreign support programs that could help with implementation of port security https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20200115005652/en/Wesley-Fin... antiterrorism steps at Caribbean Basin ports. The Administrator and the Secretary would develop a program for such help in consultation with the Company of American States. In addition, the Secretary of Homeland Security would be required to send a report to Congress on status of port security in Caribbean Basin nations. S. 1052 (Stevens), the Transport Security Improvement Act of 2005, includes an arrangement (Area 504) that would develop a program to facilitate implementation of port security antiterrorism procedures in foreign countries, with particular focus on ports in the Caribbean Basin; this costs was introduced May 17, 2005, and reported by the Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation on February 27, 2006 (S.Rept.

2791 (Stevens), presented May 11, 2006. Increasing criminal activity is a major security obstacle throughout the Caribbean. The murder rate in Jamaica continues to soar, with 1,445 individuals eliminated in 2004 and more than 1,600 individuals in 2005. With rate of 60 murders per 100,000 inhabitants in 2005, Jamaica had the greatest murder rate worldwide. In late February 2006, Jamaicans were surprised over the harsh killings of six family members, consisting of 4 young kids in the