What Are The Process Steps Of Sheet Metal Processing

[Aichele Jauregui]

Sheet metal processing process:

selection of materials:

the materials commonly used in sheet metal processing include cold rolled plate (SPCC), hot rolled plate (SHCC), galvanized plate (SECC, SGCC), copper (Cu), brass, red copper, beryllium copper, aluminum plate (6061, 6063, hard aluminum, etc.), aluminum profile, stainless steel (mirror, wire drawing surface, fog surface). According to the different functions of products, different materials are selected, which generally need to be considered from the purpose and cost of products
1. Cold rolled sheet SPCC is mainly used for electroplating and paint baking parts, with low cost, easy forming and material thickness ≤ 3.2mm
2. Hot rolled plate SHCC, with material t ≥ 3.0mm, is also electroplated and painted parts. It has low cost, but it is difficult to form. It mainly uses flat parts
3. Galvanized sheet SECC and SGCC. It is mainly used for the surface treatment of electrolytic N and SECP, and the cost is not high
4. Copper; It mainly uses conductive materials, and its surface treatment is nickel plating, chromium plating, or no treatment, with high cost
5. Aluminum plate; Generally, surface chromate (j11-a) and oxidation (conductive oxidation and chemical oxidation) are used, with high cost, including silver plating and nickel plating
6. Aluminum profile; Materials with complex cross-section structure are widely used in various plug-in boxes. The surface treatment is the same as that of aluminum plate
7. Stainless steel; It is mainly used without any surface treatment and has high cost
drawing review:

to write the process flow of parts, you must first know the various technical requirements of part drawings; Then the drawing review is the most important link in the preparation of part process flow
1. Check whether the drawing is complete
2. Check whether the relationship between drawings and views is clear and complete, and mark the dimension unit
3. Assembly relationship, assembly requirements and key dimensions
4. Differences between old and new layouts
5. Translation of foreign language drawings
6. Table code conversion
7. Feedback and disposal of drawing problems
8. Materials
9. Quality requirements and process requirements
10. The officially issued drawings must be stamped with the quality control seal
precautions for sheet metal processing:

the unfolded drawing is the plan (2D) unfolded according to the part drawing (3D):

1. The unfolding method should be consistent, convenient and save materials and processability
2. Reasonably select the gap and edge wrapping method. The gap below T = 2.0 is 0.2, and the gap between T = 2-3 is 0.5. The edge wrapping method adopts long edge wrapping short edge (door panel type)
3. Reasonably consider the tolerance and overall dimension: the negative difference goes to the end and the positive difference goes half; Hole shape and size: the positive difference goes to the end and the negative difference goes half
4. Burr direction
5. Draw a cross-sectional view in the position and direction of tooth extraction, press riveting, tearing, punch bump (bag), etc
6. Check the material and plate thickness to the plate thickness tolerance
7. For special angles, the inner radius of the bending angle (generally r = 0.5) should be expanded according to the trial bending
8. Key tips should be given where errors are easy to make (similar and asymmetric)
9. Enlarged drawings should be added where there are many sizes
10. The place to be painted for protection must be indicated
sheet metal processing is the key technology that sheet metal technicians need to master, and it is also an important process of sheet metal product forming. It includes not only the traditional cutting and blanking, blanking, bending forming and other methods and process parameters, but also various cold stamping die structures and process parameters, various equipment working principles and operation methods, as well as new stamping technology and new process
sheet metal processing is called sheet metal processing. Specifically, for example, the use of plates to make chimneys, iron barrels, oil tanks, oil pots, ventilation pipes, large and small ends of elbows, round places, funnel-shaped, etc. the main processes are shearing, bending, edge buckle, bending forming, welding, riveting, etc., which requires certain geometric knowledge. Sheet metal parts are sheet metal parts, that is, parts that can be processed by stamping, bending, stretching and other means. A general definition is parts with constant thickness in the processing process
sheet metal equipment:

corresponding to casting parts, forging parts, machined parts, etc., it usually refers to metal cutting, that is, cutting tools are used to cut off the excess metal layer from the metal material (blank) or workpiece, so as to make the workpiece obtain a processing method with certain shape, dimensional accuracy and surface roughness. Such as turning, drilling, milling, planing, grinding, broaching, etc. In metal technology, corresponding to hot processing, cold processing refers to the processing technology that causes plastic deformation of metal below the recrystallization temperature, such as cold rolling, cold drawing, cold forging, stamping, cold extrusion, etc. Cold working deformation resistance is large. While forming the metal, work hardening can be used to improve the hardness and strength of the workpiece, but the plasticity will be reduced. Cold working is suitable for machining metal parts with small section size and high requirements for machining size and surface roughness
1. Material cutting: refers to the process in which the material passes through the plate cutter to obtain a rectangular workpiece
2. Blanking: refers to the process in which the workpiece is cut by laser or punched by NC punch
3. Blanking: refers to the process of using a die to process the product shape on an ordinary punch or other equipment
4. Punching: refers to the process in which the workpiece is processed by ordinary punch and die
5. Bending: refers to the process in which a workpiece is formed by a bending machine
6. Forming: refers to the process of deforming the workpiece by using a die on an ordinary punch or other equipment
7. Hole drawing: also known as "flanging", it refers to the process of forming a round hole and turning up the edge of the workpiece with a die on an ordinary punch or other equipment
8. Tapping: refers to the process of machining internal threads on workpieces
9. Reaming: refers to the process of using a drill or milling cutter to process a small hole on a workpiece into a large hole
10. Counterbore: refers to the process of machining a tapered hole on the workpiece in order to cooperate with connectors such as countersunk screws
11. Press riveting: refers to the process of firmly crimping riveted nuts, screws or nuts to the workpiece with a punch or hydraulic press
12. Expanding riveting: refers to the process of sinking the workpiece first, and then firmly crimping the expanding riveting nut on the workpiece with a punch or hydraulic press
13. Pull nut: refers to the process similar to riveting. The technological process of firmly connecting riveted nuts (POP) and other connectors to the workpiece with a pull gun
14. Pull riveting: refers to the process of closely connecting two or more workpieces with pull riveters as tools
15. Riveting: the process of connecting two or more workpieces face to face with rivets. In case of countersunk riveting, the workpieces need to be countersunk first
16. Punching convex hull: refers to the process of forming a convex shape of a workpiece with a die in a punch or hydraulic press
17. Punching and tearing: also known as "punching bridge", it refers to the process of forming the workpiece into the shape of a bridge with a die in a punch or hydraulic press
18. Stamping: refers to the process of using a die to punch words, symbols or other marks on the workpiece
19. Corner cutting: refers to the process of cutting the corner of the workpiece with a die on a punch or hydraulic press
20. Punching mesh hole: refers to the mesh hole punched out of the workpiece with a die on an ordinary punch or CNC punch
21. Flattening: refers to the process of transition to flattening for a workpiece with a certain shape
22. Drilling: refers to the process of drilling a workpiece with a drill milling operation on a drilling or milling machine
23. Chamfering: refers to the process of machining sharp corners of workpieces with molds, files, grinders, etc
24. Leveling: refers to the process in which the workpiece is uneven before and after processing, and other equipment is used to level the workpiece
25. Return teeth: refers to the process of repairing the second screw teeth of the workpiece with teeth in advance
26. Sticking protective film: refers to the process of protecting the workpiece surface with a film that can protect the workpiece surface
27. Tear protective film: refers to the cleaning process of the protective film on the surface of the workpiece
28. Shape correction: refers to the process of adjusting the formed workpiece
29. Heat shrinkage: refers to the process of using heating equipment (hot air gun, oven) to compress the plastic covering the workpiece
30. Labeling: refers to the process of labeling to the specified position of the workpiece
31. Wire drawing: refers to the process of using wire drawing machine and abrasive belt to treat the surface of workpiece
32. Polishing: refers to the process of polishing the workpiece surface with polishing equipment
33. Heat treatment: refers to the process of special treatment to improve the hardness of the workpiece